Baduy Rituals: Jampe and Mantra Exploring the Traditional Life Practices of the Sundanese Wiwitan Religion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32678/aqlania.v14i2.12260Keywords:
Baduy, Sundanese Wiwitan, Jampe, Mantra, Local traditions, Cultural wisdomAbstract
This study examines the traditional rituals of the Baduy community related to the use of jampe and mantra as an integral part of Sundanese Wiwitan religious life. Sunda Wiwitan, as a local belief of the Baduy people, contains spiritual values, local wisdom, and traditions that have been passed down from generation to generation. Jampe rituals and mantras have an important role in various aspects of life, from traditional ceremonies to traditional medicine to the practice of self-protection. This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods to explore the symbolic meaning, social function, and relevance of jampe and mantras in maintaining harmony between humans, nature, and Sang Hyang (God Almighty). The findings of the study show that these rituals not only reflect the cultural identity of the Baduy people but also become a medium to preserve spiritual ties with ancestors and maintain the sustainability of natural ecosystems. This research contributes to the understanding of the importance of preserving local traditions as part of Indonesia's cultural heritage and the relevance of these rituals in the context of modern life.
Downloads
References
Alfian, Andi. ‘REINTERPRETING MANTRAS AS RELIGIOUS HEALING IN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN INDONESIA: THE INDIGENOUS RELIGION PARADIGM AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO “WORLD RELIGIONS”’. Studies in Interreligious Dialogue 33, no. 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.2143/SID.33.1.3292291.
Ali Imron, A. M., and Farida Nugrahani. ‘Strengthening Pluralism in Literature Learning for Character Education of School Students’. Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 3 (2019): 207–13. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7332.
Ayubi, Sholahuddin Al, and Muhammad Masruri. ‘Ritual Learning Method for Mystical Ijazah at Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah’. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 19, no. 1 (2 February 2025): 314–21. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v19i1.21090.
Burchett, P. E. ‘The “Magical” Language of Mantra’. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 76, no. 4 (October 2008): 807–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaarel/lfn089.
Dhavamony, Mariasusai. Fenomenologi Agama. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1995.
Durkheim, Emile. ‘The Elementary Forms of The Religius Life’, 2017.
Dwisvimiar, Inge. ‘The Weaving of Baduy Lebak Protected by the Geographical Indications (GI) of the Indonesian Banten Province: Could It Be?’ Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences 44, no. 3 (2023): 719–28. https://doi.org/10.34044/j.kjss.2023.44.3.09.
Enjang. ‘Customary Values and Daily Communication of the Baduy Community in Indonesia’. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 11, no. 6 (1 November 2022): 164–73. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0158.
Faridah, A., Y. H. Adisendjaja, and S. Sriyati. ‘Local Wisdom Values of the Baduy Tribe: The Potential to Develop Biology Teaching Materials of High School Grade X’. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 1521. Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1521/4/042015.
Geise, NJ. Baduys En Moslim in Lebak Parahiang Zuid Banten. Lieden: N.V. Grafisch Bedrijf en Uitgeferij de Jong, 1952.
Hadzantonis, Michael. ‘The Semangat and the Mantra in Java, Indonesia’. Journal on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 5, no. 1 (January 2023): 53–63. https://doi.org/10.47298/jala.v5-i1-a4.
———. ‘The Semangat and the Mantra in Java, Indonesia’. Journal on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 5, no. 1 (January 2023): 53–63. https://doi.org/10.47298/jala.v5-i1-a4.
Halmahera, Mega, Anggi Purnama, Fuad Hasyim, and Andi Benardi. ‘Local Wisdom Pikukuh Sapuluh Culture and Environment Conservation In Baduy Tribe’. European Alliance for Innovation n.o., 2020. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.18-7-2019.2290349.
Hermansyah. Ilmu Msitik Di Kalimantan Barat. Jakarta: Gramedia, 2010.
Hosak, Mark, and Water Lubeck. The Big Book Of Reike Syimbol. Lotus Press, 2006.
Iskandar, Johan, and Budiawati S. Iskandar. ‘Local Knowledge of the Baduy Community of South Banten (Indonesia) on the Traditional Landscapes’. Biodiversitas 18, no. 3 (July 2017): 928–38. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180309.
Krisnadi, A. R., A. Tirtadidjadja, and I. Ardiansyah. ‘The Meaning and Function Congcot - A Rice Cone in the Ritual of Life Baduy Outer Community, Banten Province’. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1366, no. 1 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1366/1/012049.
Küpper, Herbert. ‘The Indonesian Constitution Read with German Eyes’. Constitutional Review 7, no. 1 (2021): 53–91. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev713.
Lindawati, Iwan S. Anugrah, Herlina Tarigan, Kurnia S. Indraningsih, Tri B. Purwantini, and Wahyudi Hariyanto. ‘Huma Rice Management Model and Food Security System of Baduy Indigenous Communities, Indonesia’. BIO Web of Conferences 119 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411902004.
Machrus. ‘Mitos Dan Kekuasaan (Makna Mitos Dalam Kekuasaan Raja-Raja Mataram Islam)’. Teologia 19, no. 1 (2008).
Mirajiani. ‘Gender Equality in the Agricultural Sector: Lessons Learned from the Baduy Indigenous Community in Indonesia’. Space and Culture, India 11, no. 3 (2023): 25–42. https://doi.org/10.20896/SACI.V11I3.1379.
Muhamad Hakiki, Kiki. ‘Keislaman Suku Baduy Banten: Antara Islam Dan Slam Sunda Wiwitan’. Jakarta: Refleksi, 2014.
Muhazetty, Barokah. Mantra Dalam Budaya Jawa (Suntingan Teks Ajian Jawa Dan Kajian Pragmatik). Semarang: PPs UNDIP, 2017.
Nurjamilah, Ai Siti. ‘Mantra Pengasihan: Telaah Struktur, Konteks Penuturan, Fungsi, Dan Proses Pewarisannya’. Riksa Bahasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pembelajarannya 1, no. 2 (2015).
Nuryanto, Nuryanto, Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra, Syamsul Alam Paturusi, and I Made Adhika. ‘Technic and Mystics of Tukang Wangunan in Sundanese Traditional Houses in Indonesia (Case Study: Baduy Tribe Community-Banten)’. Civil Engineering and Architecture 9, no. 2 (March 2021): 533–44. https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2021.090226.
O’Dea, Thomas F. The Sociology of Relegion. Prentice-Hall, 1966.
Rochman, Kholil Lur, Misno, Zahid Mubarok, Bunyamin, and Bahrudin. ‘Ngahuma (Planting Rice in the Fields) and Tilled Land Limitation of the Baduy Tribe in Indonesia’. Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites 34, no. 1 (2021): 63–68. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.34109-620.
Rofiqoh, Yusnia I’anatur, Ach Tofan Alvino, Asmi Chusae, and Yasyva Agfa Nizar. ‘Islam and Syncretism in Java: Reflections on the Thought of Geertz and Woodward’. MUHARRIK: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Sosial 4, no. 01 (2021). https://doi.org/10.37680/muharrik.v4i01.634.
Septini, Khairani Rizki, and Qodarian Pramukanto. ‘Place-Based Approach to Landscape Planning for Conservation of the Baduy Dalam Cultural Landscape’. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Vol. 1092. Institute of Physics, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1092/1/012027.
Sucipto, Toto. Studi Tentang Religi Masyarakat Baduy Di Desa Kanekes Prov. Banten. Jakarta: Dep. Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, 2007.
Tihamayati, Ovi Fauzia. Praktek Sosial Masyarakat Baduy Luar Terhadap Pikukuh. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidaytullah, 2017.
Tihami, M. Kepimpinan Kiyai Di Banten Studi Tentang Agama Dan Magic Di Desa Pesanggrahan Serang Banten. Serang: P3M STAIN Serang, 1999.
Tihami, M.A. ‘AGAMA DAN MAGI BAGI KYAI DAN JAWARA’. ALQALAM 28, no. 2 (3 January 2019): 365. https://doi.org/10.32678/alqalam.v28i2.896.
Van Zanten, Wim. ‘Some Notes on the Pantun Storytelling of the Baduy Minority Group: Its Written and Audiovisual Documentation’. Wacana 17, no. 3 (2016): 404–37. https://doi.org/10.17510/wacana.v17i3.454.
Wahid, Masykur. ‘SUNDA WIWITAN BADUY: Agama Penjaga Alam Lindung Di Desa Kanekes Banten’. El-HARAKAH (TERAKREDITASI), 26 April 2012. https://doi.org/10.18860/el.v0i0.1888.
Wilodati. ‘Sisitim Tatanan Masyarakat danKebudayaan Orang Baduy Suatu Kajian Terhadap Perubahan Kelestarian Nilai-Nilai Tradisional Masyarakat Baduy’. UPI.edu, n.d.
Wulandari, Arsanti. ‘Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi Koleksi Perpustakaan Dewantara Kirti Griya (Tamansiswa): Sebuah Dokumentasi Pengobatan Tradisional’. Jumantara 2, no. 2 (2011).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sholahuddin Al Ayubi, Mohammad Hudaeri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
