HUKUM MAHAR MURAH:
Takhrij dan Fiqh Hadis Mahar Sandal Dalam Kitab Subul al-Salam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32678/holistic.v7i2.5311Keywords:
mahar, mahar murah, mahar sandal, takhrij hadis, fiqh hadisAbstract
Sebagian orang menganggap pernikahan dengan mahar sandal yang pernah viral sebagai pelecehan terhadap kaum perempuan. Sebagian lagi berpendapat bahwa hal itu wajar karena Nabi Muhammad Saw memperbolehkannya. Dengan menggunakan metode takhrij dan fiqh hadits, penelitian ini menguji pendapat terakhir dengan mencari kitab hadis apa yang menjadi sumber hadis mahar sandal, bagaimana kekuatan sanadnya, dan bagaimana pemahaman atau penarikan hukum dari hadis tersebut, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian takhrij dan fiqh hadis.
Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa hadis mahar sandal terdapat di dalam kitab hadis Subul al-Salam Syarh Bulugh al-Maram. Hadis ini dikutip dari Sunan al-Tirmidzi dan dikuatkan oleh satu hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Ibnu Majah dan tiga hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Ahmad. Semua hadis itu berkualitas dha'if atau lemah sehingga tidak dapat secara mandiri sebagai sumber hukum. Hadis itu justru menekankan bukan besar/kecilnya nilai mahar, tapi pentingnya keridaan perempuan akan mahar yang dia terima. Hadis-hadis yang lain menunjukkan bahwa mahar yang diberikan Nabi Muhammad Saw kepada istri-istrinya bernilai besar dalam standar zaman sekarang.
Some people consider that weddings with sandals as the dowry that have gone viral on social media as an harassment against women. Some believe it reasonable because Prophet Muhammad allowed it. Using takhrij and fiqh hadith as a method, this study will re-examine the last opinion by looking for what hadith books are the sources of the sandal as the dowry, how the strength of the sanad is, and how to understand the hadith.
The finding of this study is that the hadith of the dowry of sandals is contained in the Hadith book of Subul al-Salam Syarh Bulugh al-Maram. This hadith is quoted from Sunan al-Tirmidhi and is corroborated by one hadith narrated by Ibn Majah and three traditions narrated by Ahmad. All hadiths are of weak so that they cannot be independently used as sources of law. The hadith is not concerning about the size of the dowry, but the importance of a woman's pleasure in the dowry she receives. Other hadiths show that the dowry that the Prophet Muhammad gave to his wives was decent by today's standards.
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